Merge branch 'main' into main

6 files changed, 116 insertions, 52 deletions

diff --git a/examples/data_structures/stack.zc b/examples/data_structures/stack.zc
index 4a8593a..ea6a20a 100644
--- a/examples/data_structures/stack.zc
+++ b/examples/data_structures/stack.zc
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 
 import "std.zc"
 
-struct Stack<T> {
+struct MyStack<T> {
     data: Vec<T>;
 }
 
-impl Stack<T> {
+impl MyStack<T> {
     fn new() -> Self {
         return Self { data: Vec<T>::new() };
     }
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ impl Stack<T> {
 
 fn main() {
     "[Integer Stack]";
-    let int_stack = Stack<int>::new();
+    let int_stack = MyStack<int>::new();
     defer int_stack.free();   
  
     "Pushing: 10, 20, 30";
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ fn main() {
     
     "";
     "[String Stack]";
-    let str_stack = Stack<String>::new();
+    let str_stack = MyStack<String>::new();
     defer str_stack.free();   
  
     str_stack.push(String::new("First"));
diff --git a/examples/graphics/mandelbrot.zc b/examples/graphics/mandelbrot.zc
index 04f61b9..3a0662e 100644
--- a/examples/graphics/mandelbrot.zc
+++ b/examples/graphics/mandelbrot.zc
@@ -5,35 +5,37 @@ struct Complex {
     im: float,
 }
 
-fn complex_make(re: float, im: float) -> Complex {
-    return Complex { re: re, im: im };
-}
+impl Complex {
+    fn new(re: float, im: float) -> Complex {
+        return Complex { re: re, im: im };
+    }
 
-fn complex_add(a: Complex, b: Complex) -> Complex {
-    return Complex { re: a.re + b.re, im: a.im + b.im };
-}
+    fn add(self, b: Complex) -> Complex {
+        return Complex { re: self.re + b.re, im: self.im + b.im };
+    }
 
-fn complex_mul(a: Complex, b: Complex) -> Complex {
-    return Complex {
-        re: a.re * b.re - a.im * b.im,
-        im: a.re * b.im + a.im * b.re
-    };
-}
+    fn mul(self, b: Complex) -> Complex {
+        return Complex {
+            re: self.re * b.re - self.im * b.im,
+            im: self.re * b.im + self.im * b.re
+        };
+    }
 
-fn complex_abs2(z: Complex) -> float {
-    return z.re * z.re + z.im * z.im;
-}
+    fn abs2(self) -> float {
+        return self.re * self.re + self.im * self.im;
+    }
 
-fn complex_print(z: Complex) {
-    println "{z.re}{z.im}i";
+    fn print(self) {
+        println "{self.re}{self.im}i";
+    }
 }
 
 fn pick_char(iter: int, max_iter: int, edge_chars: char[], edge_count: int) -> char {
     if (iter >= max_iter) { return ' '; }
     if (iter <= 0) { return edge_chars[0]; }
 
-    let t: float = ((float)iter) / ((float)max_iter);
-    let idx: int = (int)(t * ((float)(edge_count - 1)));
+    let t = (float)iter / (float)max_iter;
+    let idx = (int)(t * (float)(edge_count - 1));
 
     if (idx < 0) { idx = 0; }
     if (idx >= edge_count) { idx = edge_count - 1; }
@@ -42,32 +44,30 @@ fn pick_char(iter: int, max_iter: int, edge_chars: char[], edge_count: int) -> c
 }
 
 fn main() {
-    let width: int = 120;
-    let height: int = 40;
-    let max_iter: int = 200;
+    let width = 120;
+    let height = 40;
+    let max_iter = 200;
 
-    let edge_chars: char[12] = [ '#', '@', '%', '8', '&', '*', '+', '=', '-', ':', '.', ',' ];
-    let edge_count: int = 12;
+    let edge_chars: char[] = [ '#', '@', '%', '8', '&', '*', '+', '=', '-', ':', '.', ',' ];
+    let edge_count = 12;
 
-    let min_re: float = -2.2;
-    let max_re: float =  1.0;
-    let min_im: float = -1.2;
-    let max_im: float =  1.2;
+    let min_re = -2.2;
+    let max_re =  1.0;
+    let min_im = -1.2;
+    let max_im =  1.2;
 
     for y in 0..height {
-        let im: float =
-            max_im - (max_im - min_im) * ( ((float)y) / ((float)(height - 1)) );
+        let im = max_im - (max_im - min_im) * ((float)y / (float)(height - 1));
 
         for x in 0..width {
-            let re: float =
-                min_re + (max_re - min_re) * ( ((float)x) / ((float)(width - 1)) );
+            let re = min_re + (max_re - min_re) * ((float)x / (float)(width - 1));
 
-            let c: Complex = complex_make(re, im);
-            let z: Complex = complex_make(0.0, 0.0);
+            let c = Complex::new(re, im);
+            let z = Complex::new(0.0, 0.0);
 
-            let iter: int = 0;
-            while (iter < max_iter and complex_abs2(z) <= 4.0) {
-                z = complex_add(complex_mul(z, z), c);
+            let iter = 0;
+            while (iter < max_iter and z.abs2() <= 4.0) {
+                z = z.mul(z).add(c);
                 iter += 1;
             }
 
diff --git a/examples/networking/echo_server.zc b/examples/networking/echo_server.zc
index 072c3a2..2934923 100644
--- a/examples/networking/echo_server.zc
+++ b/examples/networking/echo_server.zc
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 
 import "std/net.zc"
 
+def SIZE = 1024;
+
 fn main() {
     "Starting Echo Server on 127.0.0.1:8080...";
     
     let listener_res = TcpListener::bind("127.0.0.1", 8080);
-    if listener_res.is_err() {
+    guard listener_res.is_ok() else {
         !"Failed to bind: {listener_res.err}";
         return 1;
     }
@@ -19,9 +21,9 @@ fn main() {
             let stream = client_res.unwrap();
             defer stream.close();
             
-            let buf: char[1024];
-            
-            let read_res = stream.read(buf, 1024);
+            let buf = (char*)malloc(SIZE);
+            defer free(buf);
+            let read_res = stream.read(buf, SIZE);
             
             if read_res.is_ok() {
                 let bytes = read_res.unwrap();
diff --git a/examples/objc_interop.zc b/examples/objc_interop.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c33fd0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/objc_interop.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+
+//> macos: framework: Foundation
+//> linux: cflags: -fconstant-string-class=NSConstantString -D_NATIVE_OBJC_EXCEPTIONS -I/usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/GNUstep -std=gnu99
+//> linux: link: -lgnustep-base -lobjc
+
+include <Foundation/Foundation.h>
+
+raw {
+    id make_nsstring(const char* s) {
+        return [NSString stringWithUTF8String:s];
+    }
+
+    void print_description(id obj) {
+        NSLog(@"[ObjC Log] Description: %@", obj);
+    }
+}
+
+fn main() {
+
+    raw {
+        NSAutoreleasePool *pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init];
+    }
+
+    "=> Zen C + Objective-C interop demo.";
+    "=> (Make sure to run with: zc run --objc examples/objc_interop.zc)";
+
+    // Call ObjC helper to create an NSString (returned as id)
+    let s = make_nsstring("Hello from Objective-C!");
+    
+    // Pass it back to ObjC
+    print_description(s);
+
+    "Zen C interpolated string: {s}";
+
+    raw {
+        // You can also  raw ObjC syntax anywhere.
+        NSArray *arr = [NSArray arrayWithObjects: @"Zen", @"Bit", @"C", nil];
+        NSLog(@"[ObjC Raw] Array: %@", arr);
+
+        [pool drain];
+    }
+}
diff --git a/examples/process/exec.zc b/examples/process/exec.zc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..712a356
--- /dev/null
+++ b/examples/process/exec.zc
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+
+import "std/process.zc";
+import "std/string.zc";
+
+fn main() {
+    "Executing 'ls -la' using std/process...";
+    
+    let output = Command::new("ls")
+        .arg("-l")
+        .arg("-a")
+        .output();
+    
+    if output.exit_code == 0 {
+        "--- Output ---";
+        output.stdout.print();
+        "--------------";
+    } else {
+        !"Command failed with exit code: {output.exit_code}";
+    }
+}
diff --git a/examples/tools/mini_grep.zc b/examples/tools/mini_grep.zc
index 39fec07..54338bf 100644
--- a/examples/tools/mini_grep.zc
+++ b/examples/tools/mini_grep.zc
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ fn str_find_case(haystack: string, needle: string, ignore_case: bool) -> Option<
     let n = needle;
     let n_len = strlen(needle);
     
-    while (*h != 0) 
+    while (*h != '\0') 
     {
         let is_match: bool = true;
         for i in 0..n_len
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ fn str_find_case(haystack: string, needle: string, ignore_case: bool) -> Option<
     return Option<string>::None();
 }
 
-fn print_highlight(line: string, match_ptr: string, match_len: usize, config: GrepConfig) {
+fn print_highlight(line: string, match_ptr: string, match_len: usize, config: GrepConfig*) {
     if (!config.color) 
     {
         "{line}";
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ fn print_highlight(line: string, match_ptr: string, match_len: usize, config: Gr
     "{current}";
 }
 
-fn grep_file(path: string, config: GrepConfig) -> Result<int> {
+fn grep_file(path: string, config: GrepConfig*) -> Result<int> {
     let content_str: String = File::read_all(path)?;
     defer content_str.destroy();
     let content = content_str.c_str();
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ fn grep_file(path: string, config: GrepConfig) -> Result<int> {
     
     let q_len = strlen(config.query);
     
-    while (*ptr != 0) 
+    while (*ptr != '\0') 
     {
         if (*ptr == '\n') 
         {
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ fn grep_file(path: string, config: GrepConfig) -> Result<int> {
     return Result<int>::Ok(0);
 }
 
-fn visit_dir(path: string, config: GrepConfig) {
+fn visit_dir(path: string, config: GrepConfig*) {
     let entries_res = File::read_dir(path);
     guard entries_res.is_ok() else return;
     
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ fn main(argc: int, argv: string*)
         {
             if (config.recursive) 
             {
-                visit_dir(config.path, config);
+                visit_dir(config.path, &config);
             } 
             else 
             {
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ fn main(argc: int, argv: string*)
         } 
         else 
         {
-            let res = grep_file(config.path, config);
+            let res = grep_file(config.path, &config);
             if (res.is_err()) {
                 !"Error: {res.err}";
                 return 1;